Yarn count is a way of expressing yarn size, typically represented in the English system as the "cotton count" (S) in "fixed weight" (which includes both metric and English systems). Under standard conditions (with an 8.5% regain), it signifies the number of hanks of 840 yards each that make up one pound of the yarn.
In the textile business, several specialized terms like yarn count and fabric density are frequently encountered. Understanding these terms is crucial for assessing fabric quality.
Advantages of Higher Yarn Count:
Finer Texture: As the yarn count increases, the yarn becomes finer, resulting in a smoother texture for the fabric, often associated with higher prices. However, fabric yarn count doesn't necessarily correlate directly with fabric quality. Fabrics with counts exceeding 100 are typically termed "super." This concept is more applicable to fine spinning; for coarse fabrics like Harris Tweed, yarn counts are generally low.
Finer Yarns: Yarn count is a critical indicator of fabric quality. Essentially, it describes the thickness of the yarn, with higher counts indicating finer yarns. For instance, wool with a count of 250 can have a diameter as small as 11 micrometers. Finer yarns contribute to the creation of fabrics with more delicate and refined styles.
Impact of Higher Density:
Improved Waterproofing: Higher yarn counts often result in denser fabrics, which can enhance waterproofing. Liquids like wine, tea, or juice spilled on such fabrics tend to roll off rather than permeate through, reducing concerns about staining. This functional aspect adds a carefree element to wearing such garments.
Drawbacks of Pursuing Extremely Fine Yarns:
Production Challenges: Extremely fine yarns pose significant challenges during production, as they are prone to breakage. For example, a Chinese conglomerate has manufactured a fabric with a yarn count of 300, but its performance is poor, rendering it suitable only for display rather than practical use. Thus, while pursuing ultra-fine fibers, it's essential to ensure that the raw materials possess superior properties.
Fabrics with counts greater than 100 but less than 300 are currently popular in the market as high-end fabrics. It's conceivable that fabrics with counts exceeding 300 and excellent performance may emerge in the future. In essence, fabric quality isn't directly linked to yarn count, but higher yarn counts result in finer and softer fabrics. Additionally, fabric density influences waterproofing, making it a crucial factor for those seeking water-resistant fabrics.
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